Ejector and cocking mechanism for firearms



April 8, 1947. r; A YOUNG 2,418,611

EJECTOR AND COOKING MECHANISM FOR FIREARMS Filed July 10, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 April 8, 1947.

C. A. YOUNG EJECTOR AND COOKING MECHANISM FOR FIREARMS Filed July 10, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Apr. 8, 1947 ,ditli EJECTOR AND COCKHNG MECHANISM FOR FIREARMS 16 Claims. l

This invention pertains to a firearm of the breakdown type, and more particularly to automatic ejector and cooking mechanism operated by relative interpivotal movement of the gun barrel and stock.

rEhe instant invention is applicable to firearms oi either single or double barrel style, wherein the barrel is hinged for tilting motion to expose the breech for insertion and ejection of the shells. There is contemplated a construction wherein the barrel is detachably engaged with a forearm member medially pivoted to the frame forwardly of the iire control mechanism with the rearward portion thereo extending into overlapping relation with the forward portion of the frame, upon which is carried means for eifecting both the ejection of a discharged shell and the actuation of the cooking device during the opening motion oi the gun.

The object of the invention is to improve the construction as well as the means and mode of operation. of firearms, whereby they may not only he or simple construction and capable of being economically manufactured, but will be more emcient in use, automatic in operation of ejecting the spent shells and cooking the hammer preparm tory to the next nring operation, uniform in its action, have relatively few operating parts, and be unlikely to get out oi order.

A further object of the invention is to provide a taire-down nrearm which may be assembled and disassembled while the gun is in either its cocked or discharged condition.

A further object of the invention is to provide an easy closing gun having automatic ejector and cooking mechanism operative during the opening movement thereof, and aording minimum resistance to its closing motion.

A further object of the invention is to provide a forearm construction having interlocking engagement with the gun frame which relieves the hinge connection of the barrel and ...une of strain makes the gun more rigid and assures proper alignment of the barrel and 'slr whilethe gun is in operating condition, and which positively 1limits its opening movement.

A further object of the invention is to effect ejection of the spent shell or shells by an initial opening motion of the gun and the cooking action motion, thus relieving the closing motion of the gun of all resistance.

A further object of the Vinvention is to provide compact ejector operating and cooking means which may be readily incorporated in existing hy a further continuing opening guns without disturbance of the fire control mechanism or gun operative means.

A further object of the invention is to provide a iirearm of the character` mentioned, possessing the advantageous structural features and inherent meritorious characteristics and mode of operation herein set forth.

With the above primary and other incidental objects in View as will more fully appear in the specification, the invention intended to be protested by Letters Patent consists of the features of construction, the parts and combinations thereof, and the mode of operation, or their equivalents, as hereinafter described or illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings, wherein is illustrated the preferred but obviously not necessarily the only form of embodiment of the invention,

Fig. l is a side elevation of an assembled firearm,v partly broken away, embodying the present invention, while in its closed or operative condition.

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the gun in its open condition with the ejector and cooking devices in operated relation,

Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of a portion of the gun frame and the forearm.,

Fig. 4 is a perspective View of the forearm member disconnected from the gun.

Fig. 5 is a perspective View of the frame of the gun and a portion of the forearm connected thereto, with the barrel removed.

Like `parts are indicated by similar characters of reference throughout the several views.

The gun shown herein is of conventional form and general construction to which the present inventive features forming the subject matter hereof have been added. The gun comprises the stools l, including the frame 2, to which is pivoted att a forearm member 4, to which is detachably engaged the barrel '5.

As shown in Figs. 3 and 5, the forward portion of the frame 2 is longitudinally slotted, and the .forearm l is provided with a rearwardly extending arm 6 which projects within the slotted frame 2 beyond the pivotal connection 3. The arm 6 interloclis with the frame 2 to resist side play and stiiens the gun and relieves the pivotal connection t o-f stress and strain. At the limit of the range of the opening motion the arm B affords a positive stop to limit the range of opening motion of the gun. The trunnion 'l forming part of the hinge connection of the forearm and frame is integral with the frame 2 and transversely bridges the end of the slot therein. The forward half of the trunnion 1 is substantially semi-cylindrical, of larger diameter, and fits within a semi-circular groove or socket Ii in the forearm member. The rearward half of the trunnion 1 is of semi-cylindrical form of lesser diameter, and is engaged in a corresponding semi-circular notch 9 in the forward face of a lug l!) projecting from the under side of the barrel 5, with which it is I'lxedly attached, into the slot of the frame 2 when the gun is assembled.

For ejector purposes there is provided a movable segment II, or two such segments in the event the gun is of double barrel style. The ejector segment II forms a part of the breach of the barrel to receive the shell, which normally abuts against the segment I I. The latter is connected to a reciprocatory stern I2 slidingly mounted in a bore in the bottom of the gun barrel 5 beneath the bore thereof. Upon retraction of the stem I2 and with it the ejector segment II, the shell is withdrawn from the barrel I. The ejector means as thus far described is conventional and is such as commonly found in commerical firearms at the present time. Pivoted Within a recess or mortise within the rearward portion of the frame 2 upon a pivotal stud I3 is a hammer or impact member I e subject to the reaction of a main spring I5 also enclosed in the frame 2. The hammer Iii is held retracted or cocked against the tension of the main spring I5 by an L shaped sear I6 which is pivoted within the frame 2 upon the trunnion stud i1. The sear IB includes arrearwardly extending arm i8 which overlies a conventional form of trigger I9 pivoted at 2B and enclosed by a trigger guard 2i. The sear I6 is provided adjacent its elbow with a detent shoulder 22 which is pressed into engagement with a corresponding detent shoulder 23 upon the hammer I4, by a spring plunger 24 seated in a hole 25 in the forward portion of the stock and exerting pressure against the upstanding arm of the sear I6. Upstanding upon the inner f ace of the rearwardly extending arm E of the forearm is a notched lug 25, the upper portion of which is slotted and receives therein an arcuate oscillatory lever 21, which is medially pivoted at 28 in the upper portion of the lug. The upwardly extending arm 21a of the lever 21 extends into the path of the reciprocatory ejector stem I2,

and by its oscillation pushes the stem I2 rearwardly to eject the shell. The opposite end 21h of the lever 21 normally extends rearwardly of the lug 26 coincident with the medial notch 26a of the lug. and upon oscillation is retracted with a continuing portion of the slot within the lower portion of the lug beneath the shoulder formed therein by the notch 26a.

Disposed along side the hammer Ill and pivoted on the same stud I3 for oscillation in a plane parallel with that of the hammer, is a cooking lever 29, the rear end of which extends into the path of a laterally extending lug 3D on the side of the hammer Id. The forward end of the cocking lever 29 normally overlies the top of the lug 26 intermediate the lug and the bottom of the barrel when the gun is in condition for firing. The forward end of the cooking lever is depressed to raise its rear end away from the hammer lug 3!V by engagement of the barrel 5 as the gun is closed with the hammer cocked. If the gun is of the double barrel type, two oscillatory levers 21, one for each ejector stem I2, will be mounted in the lug 26 with their upwardly extending arms y21a extending into operative relation with the respective ejector stems I2. Likewise, in such event two cooking levers are provided, one for each hammer of the double barreled gun. The dual cooking levers are mounted closely side by side intermediate the double hammers in the same relation with the lug 25.

In operation, the gun is broken in the usual way. As the barrel 5 with the forearm attached thereto is oscillated downwardly about the axis of the hinge connection 3, the rearwardly extending arm 6 of the forearm is raised relative to the frame 2 out of the slot therein. In such movement the top of the lug 26 carried by the arm 6 lifts the forward end of the cooking lever 29, thus inducing a cooking motion of the hammer lli, and

places the main spring I5 under initial tension. 'I'he elevated end of the cooking lever 29 subsequently slides off the nose of the lug 26, striking the beak 2lb of the ejector lever 21 with somewhat of a snap action under the reactive tension of the main spring I5. The pressure thus applied raises the opposite end 21a of the ejector lever 21 into thrust Yengagement with the forward end of the ejector stem I2 and thereby retracts the ejector II to eject the shell. As the oscillation of the barrel approaches the limit of its range of oscillatory motion, the end of the cooking lever 29 having depressed the engaged end of the lever 21 relative to the lug 26, is itself engaged by the shoulder of the lug formed by the notch 26a. The leverage of the barrel 5 relative to the arm E3, upon which the lug 26 is carried, is sufficient to forcibly raise the forward end of the cooking lever 29 and correspondingly depressing its rearward end against the hammer lug 30 thereby retracting the hammer against its action spring I 5, until the hammer shoulder 23 is engaged with the shoulder 22 of the sear I6. The action spring I5 thus duofunctionally energizes both the ejector Il and the hammer I4 to which it is common. Upon discharge of the gun, the hammer having been advanced to firing position by the reaction of the main spring I5, the lateral lug 3D of the hammer will be in proximate relation with the rear end of the cooking lever 29. As the forward end of the cooking lever 29 is elevated, the rear end thereof engages and bears upon the hammer lug 30 to restore the hammer against the tension of the spring I5, until the shoulder 22 of the sear IS again engages the detent shoulder 23 to retain the hammer in cocked position. It will be noted that actuation of the lever 21 to retract the ejector stem I2 and also the oscillation of the cooking lever 29'to restore the hammer occur during the opening movement of the gun while leverage is being exerted thereon by the swinging motion of the barrel. Consequently, the return or closing motion of the barrel is easily effected without resistance. The forearm is detachably engageable with the barrel by a conventional spring detent 3| engageable with a lug 32 upon the under side of the barrel. In disassembling the gun, the forearm is disengaged from the barrel which enables its grooved socket 8 to be withdrawn from the trunnion I formed on the end. of the frame 2 and the arm B to be withdrawn from the slot in the frame. This leaves the barrel engaged with the frame and stock by engagement of the semi-circular notch 9 of the lug I IJ with the inner side of lesser diameter of the trunnion 1 and the engagement of the usual latch with the breech of the barrel I. Upon release of the latch and tilting of the barrel, the lug I0 may be unhooked from the trunnion. The gun is assembled in reverse order. It is immaterial whether the gun is cocked or in discharged condition. The operation and ease of. engagement and disengagement is the same intbcth instances.

`i'rom the above description it will be 'apparent that` there isthus provided a'device of the character described possessing the particular features of advantage before enumerated as desirable, but which obviously is susceptibleof modification in its form, proportions, detail construction and arrangement of parts Without departing from the principle involved or sacrificing any of its advantages.

While in order to comply with the statute the invention has been described in language more or less `specific as to structural features, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specic features shown, but that the means and construction herein disclosed comprise thepreferred form of several modes of putting the invention into effect, and the invention is therefore claimedin any of its forms or modifications withinithelegitimateand valid scopeof the appended claims.

Havingthus described my invention, I claim:

l. A breakdown firearm wherein a gun barrel attached to a iorearm grip and equipped with a shell ejector is hinged to a gun frame for relative swinging motion, and having a spring actuated firing hammer mounted in said frame,

' including the combination of an carried by the forearm grip extending rearwardly of the hinge connection thereof into overlapping relation with the gun frame, an actuating member for the shell ejector carried by the forearm grip arm, a cooking lever mounted on the gun frame and engageablewith'the hammer toretract the latter to cocked position, an energizing spring common to the hammer and the ejector actuating member tensioned by the coclnng lever, the-shell ejector actuating member being engageable with the cocking lever to operate the shell ejector upon initial swinging motion of the forearm the cooking lever being engageable by the forearm grip arm upon continued swinging adjustment of the forearm grip and gun barrel to retract the hammer to cocked position.

2. A breakdown firearm wherein a gun barrel attached to a forearm grip and equipped with shell ejector means is hinged to a longitudinally slotted frame for swinging motion relative to a Spring actuated firing `hammer mounted in said frame, including the combination of an arm connected `with the forearm grip and extending rearwardly of its hinge connection within the slot of the gun frame, a lug carried bythe forearm grip arm, an actuating lever for the shell ejector carriedby the lug, a cooking lever for the gun mounted in the gun frame and extending into the path of the lug as the forearm grip arm is oscillated upon swinging adjustment of the forearm `grip and barrel, and an energizing spring common tc the hammer and ejector lever tensioned by movement of the cooking lever, the construction and arrangement being such that upon oscillation of the forearm grip and barrel the shell ejector actuating lever carried by the forearm grip arm engages `with the cooking lever to actuate the shell ejector, and upon further oscillation of the forearm grip arm the lug thereon engages with the cooking lever to oscillate the latter to cock the gun.

3. A breakdown firearm wherein a gun barrel attached to -a forearm grip and having an associated shell ejector is hingedfor relative swinging motion to a frame on which is mounted a spring actuatedirng hammer, including a cockinglevenpivotedfon the frame engageable Awith the f hammer to-retract the hammer to cocked position, and a portion `on the forearm grip movable therewith independently of actuation of the cooking lever during the initial swinging motion of Athe forearm grip until the rear of the gun barrel is elevated sufficiently to enable ejection of a spent cartridge shell before actuation of the cooking lever, and engageable with the `cooking lever to retract the hammer upon continued swinging motion of the forearm grip and attached gun barrel during the opening adjustment of the gun and 'an energizing spring common to the hammer and ejector tensioned by movement of the cocking lever.

4. VA. breakdown firearm wherein a gun barrel equipped with a shell ejector and attached to a forearm grip is hinged for relative swinging motion to a frame in which is mounted a spring actuated vfiring hammer, including actuating means for the shell ejector carried by a portion of the forearm grip, a duofunctional cooking lever pivoted on the frame with which the shell ejector actuating means is engaged upon initial oscillation of the gun barrel and attached forearm grip, and an energizing spring common to the ejector and hammer tensioned by movement of the cooking lever. Y Y

5. A breakdown firearm wherein a gun barrel equipped with a shell ejector and attached to a forearm grip is hinged for relative swinging motion to a gun frame on which is mounted a spring actuated firing hammer, including an Aarni rigidly carried by the forearm grip extending rearwardly of the hinge connection thereof into overlapping relation with the gun vframe, a common energizing spring for the hammer and e'ector, a shell ejector actuating lever carried by the `said arm, a` duofunctional cooking lever pivoted to the gun frame operatively engageable with the spring actuated firing hammer, and with which the shell ejector lever carried by the rearwardly extending arm of the forearm grip is engageable upon swinging motion ofthe forearm grip and barrel to initially effect actuation of the shell ejector and subsequent retraction of the hammer to cocked condition.

6, A breakdown firearm wherein a gun barrel equipped with a shell ejector and attached to a forearm grip is hinged for to and fro swinging motion toa gun frame on which is mounted a spring actuated firing hammer, including an arm rigidly carried by the forearm grip extending rearwardly of the hinge connection thereof into overlapping relation with the gun frame, a duofunctional cooking lever mounted on the frame and projecting into overlapping relation with the forearm grip arm and actuated by oscillation thereof Vfor ifetracting the hammer to cocked position, an oscillatory lever carried by said forearm grip arm engageable with the cooking lever upon swinging motion of the forearm grip and gun barrel to actuate the shell ejector and cock the ring hammer in predetermined sequence.

7. A breakdown firearm wherein Va gun barrel equipped with a shell ejector and an attached .forearm grip is hinged to a gun frame on which is mounted a spring actuated ringhammer, including an arm rigidly connected with the forearm grip and extending rearwardly of the hinge connection thereof with the gun frame, -an energizing spring common to the hammer and shell ejector, a. lever pivoted on the gun frame inoverlapping relation with the forearm grip arm common to the shell ejector and the iii-ing hammer and actuated by the swinging motion of the forearm grip arm in one direction for automatic operation of the shell ejector and the automatic cocking of the spring actuated hammer.

8. A breakdown firearm wherein a gun barrel equipped with a shell ejector and attached to a forearm grip is hinged for to and fro swinging motion to a gun frame on which is mounted a spring actuated firing hammer, including an arm rigidly connected with the forearm grip and extending rearwardly of the hinge connection thereof with the gun frame, a duofunctional energizing spring for the hammer and ejector, a duofunctional cocking lever mounted on the gun frame and common to the shell ejector and hammer, an upstanding lug upon the rearwardly extending forearm grip arm upon which the forward end of the cooking lever normally rests and movable relative to said cooking lever during initial motion of the forearm grip arm, an oscillatory actuator for the shell ejector associated with the forearm grip arm and engaged by the duofunctional cooking lever to actuate the shell ejector under influence of said spring at said initial movement, said lug being further engageable with the cooking lever upon continued motion of the forearm grip arm to effect cocking motion of the hammer against the tension of said duofunctional spring.

9. A breakdown firearm wherein a gun barrel equipped with a shell ejector and attached to a forearm grip is hinged for to and fro swinging motion to a gun frame on which is mounted a spring actuated firing hammer, including an energizing spring common to the ejector and hammer, an arm rigidly connected with the forearm grip and extending rearwardly of the hinge connection thereof with the gun frame, and a duofunctional cooking lever common to the shell ejector and hammer, operative to initiate actuation of the shell ejector and cock the hammer in such sequence upon opening movement of the forearm grip and barrel.

10. A breakdown firearm wherein a gun barrel equipped with a shell ejector and attached to a forearm grip is hinged for to and fro relative swinging motion to a gun frame on which is mounted a spring actuated firing hammer, including an energizing spring common to the ejector and hammer, an arm rigidly connected with the forearm grip and extending rearwardly of the hinge connection thereof, and a duofunctional operating lever common to the shell ejector and the hammer pivoted to the gun frame for actuation by oscillation of the forearm grip lever effective by its swinging motion relative to the gun frame to initially tension and subsequently release the said energizing spring to actuate the shell ejector and upon further movement to cock the spring actuated ring hammer against the tension of said spring.

11. A gun of the breakdown type, wherein a gun barrel equipped with a shell ejector and attached to a forearm grip is hinged to a gun frame for relative swinging motion, and having a hammer mounted on the gun frame, including a common energizing spring for the ejector and hammer, an arm carried by the forearm and projecting therefrom rearwardly beyond the hinge connection of the forearm with the gun frame for oscillatory motion relative thereto, and a single, duofunctional actuator common to the shell ejector and hammer operated by the oscillatory motion of the said forearm lever, the initial movement of which in opening adjustment of the gun operates to tension said common spring until the breech of the gun barrel is elevated sufiiciently for an ejected shell to clear the gun frame, the succeeding movement of which releases the spring for actuation of the shell ejector and the final movement of which all in the same direction effects cocking of the hammer against the tension of said common spring.

12. A gun of the break-down type, wherein a gun barrel equipped with a shell ejector and attached to a forearm grip is hinged to a gun frame for relative swinging motion, and having a spring actuated hammer mounted on the gun frame, including a cooking lever mounted on the gun frame and engageable with the hammer to retract the hammer to cocked position, and an extension on the forearm grip extending rearwardly beyond the hinged connection thereof, an actuating lever for the shell ejector pivotally mounted on the forearm grip extension and extending into operative relation with the shell ejector, an energizing spring for the ejector lever, said cocking lever normally resting upon a portion of the forearm grip extension, and automatically slidable therefrom into impact engagement with one end of the shell ejector actuating lever under reactive influence of the ejector spring upon initial swinging motion of the forearm extension to operate the shell ejector, the forearm grip extension being then engageable with the cocking lever upon further swinging motion of the fore--v arm grip and barrel to retract the hammer to its cocked position.

13. A gun of the break-down type, wherein a gun barrel equipped with a shell ejector and attached to a forearm grip is hinged to a gun framefor relative swinging motion, including an oscillatory actuating lever for the shell ejector, an extension of the forearm grip extending rearwardly of the hinge connection thereof to the gun frame upon which the oscillatory actuating lever for the shell extractor is pivotally mounted, an energizing spring for the ejector tensioned by the initial movement of the forearm grip, and a member on the gun frame forcibly engaged with one end of the said lever by reaction of the spring upon further swinging motion of the forearm grip and the gun barrel to actuate the shell ejector lever to operate said ejector.

14. A breakdown firearm wherein a gun barrel equipped with a shell ejector and to which a forearm grip is attached, is hinged for to and fro swinging motion relative to a gun frame upon which is mounted a spring actuated firing hammer, including a duofunctional energizing spring common to the ejector and the firing hammer, tensioned by the swinging motion of the forearm grip and barrel, the reactive influence of which actuates the shell ejector and against the tension of which the hammer is cocked incident to further swinging motion of the barrel and forearm grip.

15. A breakdown firearm wherein a gun barrel equipped with a shell ejector and to which a forearm grip is attached, is hinged for to and fro swinging motion relative to a gun frame upon which is mounted a spring actuated firing hammer, including an arm rigidly extending from the forearm grip beyond the hinged connection thereof for unison oscillation, operative upon oscillatory motion thereof to effect actuation of the shell ejector and by continued oscillation cock the firing hammer.

16. A breakdown firearm wherein a gun barrel equipped with a shell ejectorand to which a. fore-- 9 arm grip is attached, is hinged for to and fro swinging motion relative to a gun frame upon which is mounted a spring actuated firing hammer, including a duofunctional energizing spring common to the ejector and the ring hammer, initially tensioned and subsequently released by the initai swinging motion of the barrel and forearm grip, and retensioned preparatory to discharge of the iring hammer upon further swinging motion of the barrel and forearm grip.

CHARLES A. YOUNG.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

Number Number UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Anson et al. Feb. 1, 1876 Burke June 19, 1866 Torkelson Apr. 5, 1898 Brown July 6, 1897 Perkes Jan. 19, 1892 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date British 1882 French Oct. 12, 1931 French Jan. 4, 1926 British Nov. 24, 1921 

